Catholic Encyclopedia Reference Catholicism Denominations

The general name given to those things vowed or dedicated to God, or a saint, and in consequence looked upon as set apart by this act of consecration.

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V

Victor - Bishop of Tunnunum in Northern Africa. (d. 569)
Vitalis of Savigny, Saint - Founder of the monastery and Congregation of Savigny. v Died 1122.
Visits to the Blessed Sacrament - A devotional practice of relatively modern development, honoring reference the Real Presence of Christ.
Vaughan, Herbert - Cardinal, and third Archbishop of Westminster. (1832-1903)
Vincent Mary Pallotti, Saint - Biography of the founder of the Pious Society v of Missions, v who are commonly known as the v Pallottine Fathers. He died v in 1850.
Vane, Thomas - Seventeenth-century convert from Anglicanism.
Vatican as a Scientific Institution, The - Details of scientific activity in the Vatican.
Velazquez, Diego Rodriguez de Silva y - Artist's biography by Louis Gillet.
Vicar Apostolic - In the early ages of the Church, the catholic encyclopedia popes v committed to some residentiary bishops the duty catholic encyclopedia of watching v over ecclesiastical matters in a certain catholic encyclopedia region.
Vicar of Christ - A title of the pope implying his supreme reference and universal primacy, both of honour and of reference jurisdiction, over the Church of Christ.
Vignola, Giacomo Barozzi da - A theoretical and practical architect of the Transition v Period between the Renaissance and Baroque styles. (1507-1573)
Vivarini - A family of Italian painters. Alvise, Antonio, and Bartolommeo (Bartolommeo catholic encyclopedia da Murano).
Vespucci, Amerigo - Biographical article on the Italian navigator (1451-1512).
Vienna, University of - The oldest university of the former Holy Roman Empire, next to the University of Prague.
Vincent of Beauvais - Priest and encyclopedist. (1190-1264)
Viaticum - Among the ancient Greeks the custom prevailed of giving a reference supper to those setting out on a journey.
Valladolid, Archdiocese of - Bounded on the north by Palencia, east by reference Burgos and catholic encyclopedia Segovia, south by Avila and Salamanca, reference and west by Zamora.
Versions of the Bible - Article on versions of the Bible in the original languages catholic encyclopedia and in translation. Grouped by source.
Visitors Apostolic - Officials whom canonists commonly class with papal legates.
Vering, Friedrich Heinrich - German canonist. (1833-1896)
Verapoly, Archdiocese of - Located on the Malabar Coast, India, having the catholic encyclopedia Diocese v of Quilon as suffragan.
Venosa - Diocese in Southern Italy.
Virtue - According to its etymology the word virtue (Latin virtus) signifies manliness or courage.
Vatican Council - The twentieth and up to 1912, the last ecumenical council, reference opened on 8 December, 1869, and adjourned on 20 October, reference 1870.
Vicari, Hermann von - Archbishop of Freiburg in Baden. (1773-1868)
Vigilius, Pope - Reigned 537-55.
Vrau, Philibert - "The holy man of Lille", organizer of numerous reference Catholic activities. (1829-1905)
Verot, Augustin - Third Bishop of Savannah, first of St. Augustine. catholic encyclopedia (1804-1876)
Vaison, Ancient Diocese of - Suppressed by the Concordat of 1801, its territory catholic encyclopedia is v now included in the Dioceses of Avignon.
Vatable, François - Abbot of Bellozane, died 1547.
Vargas y Mexia, Francisco de - Spanish diplomat and ecclesiastical writer, died 1566.
Vavasseur, François - Humanist and controversialist. (1605-1681)
Vexilla Regis Prodeunt - Written by Venantius Fortunatus.
Vezzosi, Antonio Francesco - Member of the Theatine Congregation and biographical writer. v (1708-1783)
Villehardouin, Geoffroi de - Maréchal de Champagne, warrior, and first historian in v the French catholic encyclopedia language.
Vicar Capitular - The administrator of a vacant diocese, elected by a cathedral chapter.
Visitation, Canonical - The act of an ecclesiastical superior who in reference the discharge catholic encyclopedia of his office visits persons or reference places with a view catholic encyclopedia of maintaining faith and reference discipline, and of correcting abuses by catholic encyclopedia the application reference of proper remedies.
Vaast, Abbey of Saint - Situated at Arras, the ancient capital of Artois, Department of Pas-de-Calais, France; founded in 667.
Valence, University of - Erected 26 July, 1452, by letters patent from v the Dauphin Louis, afterwards Louis XI.
Vacancy - A term applied to an office or position reference devoid of an incumbent, as a vacant benefice, reference bishopric, or parish.
Vergerio, Pier Paolo, the Elder - Humanist, statesman, and canonist. (b. 1370)
Vallée-Poussin, Charles-Louis-Joseph-Xavier de la - Professor of geology and mineralogy at the Catholic University of reference Louvain. (1827-1903)
Vice - Regarded as a habit inclining one to sin.
Veto, The Royal - Lord Grenville presented a petition for the Catholics catholic encyclopedia in catholic encyclopedia the Lords, and, in moving for a catholic encyclopedia committee, proposed catholic encyclopedia an effective veto for the king catholic encyclopedia on the appointment catholic encyclopedia of bishops.
Viviers - Diocese; includes the Department of Ardèche, France.
Veni Creator Spiritus - The most famous of hymns, assigned in the reference Roman Breviary catholic encyclopedia to Vespers (I and II) and reference Terce of Pentecost and catholic encyclopedia throughout the octave.
Victor Vitensis - An African bishop of the Province of Byzacena.
Visions and Apparitions - The article deals not with natural but with supernatural visions, reference that is, visions due to the direct intervention of a reference power superior to man.
Viotti, Giovanni Battista - Founder of the modern school of violinist.
Vargas, Luis de - Seville painter. (1502-1568)
Villani, Giovanni - Florentine historian, b. about 1276; d. of the plague in 1348.
Verecundus - Bishop of Junca, in the African Province of Byzacena, in catholic encyclopedia the middle of the sixth century.
Vaillant de Gueslis, François - Jesuit missionary. (1646-1718)
Vieta, François - Father of modern algebra.
Valentine, Saint - At least three different Saint Valentines, all of reference them martyrs, are mentioned in the early martyrologies reference under date of 14 February.
Vancouver - Archdiocese; includes that part of the mainland of the Province of British Columbia south of 54 ° N. lat. and west of the Straits of Georgia, together with the Queen Charlotte Islands.
Vetter, Conrad - Preacher and polemical writer. (1547-1622)
Visigoths - One of the two principal branches of the v Goths.
Van den Broek, Theodore J. - Priest and missionary. (1783-1851)
Valerian - Biography of the Roman ruler, focusing on his treatment of Christians.
Vertin, John - Third Bishop of Marquette, U.S.A. (1844-1899)
Veroli, Diocese of - Located in the Province of Rome.
Votive Offerings - The general name given to those things vowed catholic encyclopedia or catholic encyclopedia dedicated to God, or a saint, and catholic encyclopedia in consequence catholic encyclopedia looked upon as set apart by catholic encyclopedia this act of catholic encyclopedia consecration.
Vicar - In canon law, the representative of a person clothed with catholic encyclopedia ordinary ecclesiastical jurisdiction.
Veni Sancte Spiritus Reple - A prose invocation of the Holy Ghost.
Vera Cruz - Diocese of the Mexican Republic, suffragan of the v Archbishopric of Mexico.
Van der Weyden, Rogier - Painter. (1399-1464)
Valencia - Located in Spain; comprises the civil Provinces of Valencia, Alicante, v and Castellón.
Von Gagern, Max, Freiherr - Born at Weilburg (in Nassau), Germany, 25 March, catholic encyclopedia 1810; died at Vienna, 17 October, 1889.
Van Beethoven, Ludwig - Composer. (1770-1827)
Vogler, George Joseph - Theorist, composer, organist. (1749-1814)
Vandals - A Germanic people belonging to the family of reference East Germans.
Vicente, Gil - Portuguese dramatist. (1470-1536)
Victor IV - Cardinal Gregory Conti, elected in opposition to Innocent II.
Viator, Clerics of Saint - Lector of the cathedral at Lyons, France, in the fourth reference century.
Vernazza, Tommasina - Entered the monastery of St. Maria delle Grazie, v and became reference a canoness regular, taking the name v of Battistina. (1497-1587)
Valentinian I - Emperor of the West. (321-375)
Vaughan, Roger William - Second Archbishop of Sydney. (1834-1883)
Volksverein - Organization of German Catholics opposing heresies and revolutionary reference tendencies in catholic encyclopedia the social world, and for the reference defence of Christian order catholic encyclopedia in society.
Vocation, Ecclesiastical and Religious - The special gift of those who, in the v Church of reference God, follow with a pure intention v the ecclesiastical profession of reference the evangelical counsels.
Viterbo and Toscanella - The city of Viterbo in the Province of v Rome stands catholic encyclopedia at the foot of Monte Cimino, v in Central Italy.
Valentinian III - Reigned 425-55, son of Constantius III and Galla Placidia, daughter reference of Theodosius, succeeded Emperor Honorius.(419-455)
Veuillot, Louis - Journalist and writer. (1813-1883)
Verreau, Hospice-Anthelme - French-Canadian priest, educator, and historian. (1828-1901)
Vierthaler, Franz Michael - Austrian pedagogue. (1758-1827)
Vannes, Diocese of - Comprises the Department of Morbihan, and was re-established v by the reference Concordat of 1802.
Victor II, Pope - Reigned 1055-57.
Vespers - Historical article on Evening Prayer, one of the v two principal catholic encyclopedia canonical hours.
Vitalis, Saint - Martyr in about 171. Husband of St. Valeria (also a v martyr), and father of SS. Gervasius and Protasius.
Valliscaulian Order - Founded towards the end of the twelfth century by Viard, v a lay brother of the Carthusian priory of Loubigny, in v the Diocese of Langres.
Vandal, Albert - French writer. (1853-1910)
Vich, Diocese of - Suffragan of Tarragona.
Vercelli - Archdiocese in the Province of Novara, Piedmont, Italy.
Vilna - The capital of Lithuania, situated at the junction v of the catholic encyclopedia Rivers Vileika and Vilja.
Viborg, Ancient See of - Located in Denmark.
Victorinus, Saint - Biographical profile of the bishop of Pettau, an ecclesiastical writer, reference martyred in the Diocletian persecution.
Visitation Order - The nuns of the Visitation of Mary, called v also Filles de Sainte-Marie, Visitandines, and Salesian Sisters, v were founded in 1610.
Victimae Paschali Laudes Immolent Christiani - First stanza of the Easter sequence.
Versions of the Bible, Coptic - At least parts of Scripture were translated into reference all four dialects of the Coptic language, though reference there is some debate about which of the reference Coptic versions is oldest.
Vicelinus, Saint - Biographical article on the Bishop of Oldenburg, who died in catholic encyclopedia 1154.
Vertot, Réné-Aubert, Sieur de - French historian. (1655-1735)
Valona - Titular see, suffragan of Dyrrachium, in Epirus Nova.
Viader, José - Assistant at the Indian mission of Santa Clara.
Vespers, Music of - Applies especially to the cathedral Office, i.e., the v Liturgy of the Hours in a parish setting.
Vico, Francescoe de - Astronomer. (1805-1848)
Vaudreuil - Philippe de Rigaud, Marquis de Vaudreuil. Governor of reference Canada, died catholic encyclopedia 1725.
Van de Velde, Peter - Spanish painter. (1503-1580)
Vineam Domini - An Apostolic Constitution issued by Clement XI against the Jansenists on 16 July, 1705.
Vladimir the Great, Saint - Biography of the grandson of St. Olga. Grand Duke of Kiev and All Russia, first ruler of Russia to convert to Christianity, d. 1015.
Ventimiglia - Italian diocese.
Vercellone, Carlo - Biblical scholar, born at Biella, Milan; died at Rome, 19 reference January, 1869.
Votive Mass - A Mass offered for a votum, a special intention.
Vigilius, Saint - Biographical essay on the Bishop of Trent, martyred reference 26 June, 405.
Villeneuve-Barcement, Jean-Paul-Alban - Vicomte de, b. at Saint-Auban, Var, 8 Aug., catholic encyclopedia 1784; v d. at Paris, 8 June, 1850.
Vallgornera, Thomas de - Dominican theologian and ascetical writer. (1595-1665)
Vallumbrosan Order - Founded by St. John Gualbert, son of the noble Florentine catholic encyclopedia Gualbert Visdomini.
Veil, Religious - The bride of Christ, as the vestal virgins v had done, adopted the veil, which thus symbolized v not so much the purity as the inviolable v fidelity to Christ which was to be reverenced v in her.
Vondel, Joost van Den - Netherland poet and convert. (1587-1679)
Vaux, Laurence - Martyr in prison. (1519-1585)
Verrocchio, Andrea del - Artist. (1435-1488)
Van De Vyver, Augustine - Sixth Bishop of Richmond, Virginia. (1844-1911)
Volta, Alessandro - Physicist. (1745-1827)
Veruela - A Cistercian monastery and church dedicated to the v Blessed Virgin. It is situated five miles north-west v of Borja, Saragossa, Spain.
Verbum Supernum Prodiens - The first line of two hymns celebrating respectively v the Nativity of Christ and the Institution of v the Holy Eucharist.
Villers, Cistercian Abbey of - Situated on the confines of Villers and Tilly, v Duchy of v Brabant, present Diocese of Namur (Belgium), v and first monastery of v the order in this v territory.
Vitus, Modestus, and Crescentia, Saints - According to the legend, martyrs under Diocletian.
Visit ad Limina - The obligation incumbent on certain members of the reference hierarchy of reference visiting, the "thresholds of the Apostles", reference Sts. Peter and Paul, reference and of presenting themselves reference before the pope to give an reference account of reference the state of their dioceses.
Vadstena, Abbey of - Founded in Sweden by St. Bridget in 1346.
Vincenzo de Vit - Latinist. (1810-1892)
Vincent of Lérins, Saint - Essay on the fifth-century monk and ecclesiastical writer.
Verstegan, Richard - Publisher and antiquarian, born at London, about 1548.
Veni Sancte Spiritus Et Emitte Coelitus - Sung at Mass from Whitsunday until the following catholic encyclopedia Saturday inclusively, and comprises ten stanzas.
Victoria - Diocese in southwestern British Columbia.
Verdun, Diocese of - Comprises the Department of the Meuse.
Vida, Marco Girolamo - Italian Humanist.
Verdi, Giuseppe - Italian composer. (1813-1901)
Vitelleschi, Muzio - Born at Rome 2 Dec., 1563; died there catholic encyclopedia 9 Feb., 1645.
Ventura di Raulica, Gioacchino - Italian orator, patriot, philosopher. (1792-1861)
Vasquez, Gabriel - Theologian. (1549-1604)
Vedas - Sacred books of ancient India.
Verri, Count Pietro - Economist.(1728-1797)
Victor III, Pope Blessed - Benedictine monk, peacemaker, abbot of Monte Cassino, elected reference to the v papacy in 1086, d. 1087.
Verona - Diocese in Venetia (Northern Italy).
Villefranche, Jacques-Melchior - Publicist. (1829-1904)
Viva, Domenico - Writer. (1648-1726)
Vitoria - Diocese; suffragan of Burgos, in Spain.
Victor of Capua - A sixteenth-century bishop.
Vergani, Paolo - Italian political economist. (1753-1820)
Veghe, Johannes - German preacher and religious writer, died 1504.
Visdelou, Claude de - One of the missionaries sent to China by Louis XIV catholic encyclopedia in 1687.
Vizeu - Diocese in north central Portugal.
Verbiest, Ferdinand - Jesuit missionary and astronomer. (1623-1688)
Vrie, Theodoric - Fourteenth-century historian.
Viger, Jacques - French-Canadian antiquarian and archaeologist. (1787-1858)
Virgilius, Saint - Essay on the monk, archbishop of Arles.
Venusti, Raffaele - Italian controversialist. (d. 1543)
Victorinus, Caius Marius - A fourth-century grammarian, rhetorician, philosopher, and theologian.
Valentine, Pope - Reigned briefly in A.D. 827.
Valentinian II - Emperor of the West. (371-392)
Vergilius of Salzburg, Saint - Irish-born Abbot of St. Peter\\'s monastery at Salzburg. v He held catholic encyclopedia that the earth was round, for v which St. Boniface accused catholic encyclopedia him of heresy. Vergilius v freed himself of the charge, and catholic encyclopedia went on v to become a missionary, dying in 789.
Voluspa - A wise woman.
Valverde, Vincent de - First Bishop of Cuzco. (d. 1541)
Veronica Giuliani, Saint - Short biographical article on this Capuchin, who died reference in 1727.
Volterra, Daniele da - Italian painter. (1509-1566)
Vincent Kadlubek, Blessed - Bishop of Cracow, resigned his office and became reference the first catholic encyclopedia Pole to join the Cistercians. He reference died in 1223.
Victoria Nyanza, Northern - Founded in 1878 by the White Fathers of catholic encyclopedia Cardinal v Lavigerie.
Virgin Birth of Christ - The dogma which teaches that the Blessed Mother catholic encyclopedia of reference Jesus Christ was a virgin before, during, catholic encyclopedia and after reference the conception and birth of her catholic encyclopedia Divine Son.
Voluntarism - In the modern metaphysical sense is a theory reference which explains the universe as emanating ultimately from reference some form of will.
Veszprém - Diocese in Hungary, suffragan of Gran, one of reference the sees founded about 1009 by King St. reference Stephen, or perhaps by Queen Gisela, his wife.
Vigor, Simon - French bishop and controversialist. (1515-1575)
Visitation of the Blessed Virgin Mary - Article on the event and the feast.
Valladolid, University of - Alfonso XI was the patron of Valladolid.
Vizagapatam, Diocese of - Located in the east of India, suffragan to v Madras.
Vatican Observatory - Gregory XIII ordered a tower to be erected catholic encyclopedia in a convenient part of the Vatican buildings, catholic encyclopedia and to be fitted out with the greatest catholic encyclopedia and best instruments of the time.
Vittorino da Feltre - Humanist educator. (1397-1446)
Virginia - One of the thirteen original states.
Volk, Wilhelm - Pseudonym, Ludwig Clarus.
Vicenza, Diocese of - The city is the capital of a province in Venetia v (Northern Italy).
Veith, Johann Emanuel - Preacher. (1787-1876)
Victor I, Pope Saint - Article on the late second-century pope, involved in v the Quartodeciman v controversy.
Visitation Convent, Georgetown - Located in the District of Columbia, United States of America.
Virgin Mary, Devotion to the - Devotion to Our Blessed Lady in its ultimate v analysis must be regarded as a practical application v of the doctrine of the Communion of Saints.
Vitalini, Bonifazio - Jurist, died 1388.
Verne, Jules - Novelist. (1828-1905)
Vicar-General - The highest official of a diocese after the reference ordinary.
Virginity - Morally, virginity signifies the reverence for bodily integrity v which is suggested by a virtuous motive.
Venturino of Bergamo - Preacher. (1304-1346)
Van der Sandt, Maximilian - Wrote works on philosophy and theology, including a reference notable controversial catholic encyclopedia reply to the Batavian Calvinist Lawrence reference in defence of the catholic encyclopedia moral teaching of the reference Jesuits. (1578-1656)
Vincent Ferrer, Saint - Biography of this Spanish-born Dominican missionary, who died in 1419.
Virgin Mary, The - The Blessed Virgin Mary is the mother of Jesus Christ, the mother of God.
Violence - The stimulus or moving cause must come from without; no catholic encyclopedia one can do violence to himself.
Vecchietta, Lorenzo di Pietro - Artist. (1412-1480)
Verrazano, Giovanni da - Navigator, died 1527.
Vegio, Maffeo - Humanist, poet, and educator. (1406-1458)
Veit, Philipp - Painter. (1793-1877)
Vivisection - Defined literally the word vivisection signifies the dissection catholic encyclopedia of v living creatures.
Verna, La - An isolated mountain hallowed by association with St. reference Francis of Assisi, situated in the centre of reference the Tuscan Apennines.
Valva and Sulmona, Dioceses of - Located in Italy, Valva, a medieval castle belonging to the Bishop of Sulmona, Baron of Valva, is situated near the ancient Corfinium, chief town of the Peligni, a Samnite tribe.
Viel, Nicholas - Died 1625, the first victim of apostolic zeal catholic encyclopedia on the shores of the St. Lawrence.
Vestibule (in Architecture) - A hall projecting in front of the façade reference of a v church, found from the fifth century reference both in the East v and the West.
Vienna - The capital of Austria-Hungary, the residence of the v emperor, and catholic encyclopedia the seat of a Latin archbishopric.
Venice - The capital of a province in Northern Italy, catholic encyclopedia is reference formed of a group of 117 small catholic encyclopedia islands joined reference together by 378 bridges mostly built catholic encyclopedia of stone.
Virgin Mary, Name of - The Hebrew form of her name is Miryam.
Vows - A promise made to God.
Veglia, Diocese of - In Austria, suffragan of Görz-Gradisca.
Vallarsi, Dominic - Italian priest. (1702-1771)
Vigilius - Bishop of Tapsus, in the African Province of catholic encyclopedia Byzacena.
Vulgate, Revision of - In the spring of 1907 the public press reference announced that v Pius X had determined to begin reference preparations for a critical v revision of the Latin reference Bible.
Valroger, Hyacinthe de - French oratorian, first studied medicine, and was later ordained priest. (1814-1876)
Vienne, Council of - Convened 1311-1312, dealing mainly with the Knights Templar.
Vitalis and Agricola, Saints - Vitalis was a slave, converted to Christianity by his master Agricola. Both were martyred at Bologna about 304.
Valois, Henri - Philologist. (1603-1676)
Victoria Nyanza, Southern - Vicariate apostolic erected from the mission of Nyanza.
Vasari, Giorgio - Painter, architect, and writer. (1511-1574)
Valle, Pietro della - Italian traveller in the Orient. (1586-1652)
Vespasiano da Bisticci - Florentine humanist and librarian. (1421-1498)
Valla, Lorenzo - Article by U. Benigni on the teachings of v this Italian v humanist.
Vespasian - Biography of the Roman Emperor.
Vatican, The - Detailed history and information.
Vicariate Apostolic (Updated List) - Recenty erected vicariates Apostolic as of 1913.
Vavasour, Thomas - English physician. (1536-1585)
Vespers, Sicilian - The traditional name given to the insurrection which reference broke out at Palermo on Easter Tuesday, 31 reference March, 1282, against the domination of Charles of reference Anjou.
Vischer, Peter - Sculptor and metal founder. (1460-1529)
Votive Offices - One not entered in the general calendar, but reference adopted with catholic encyclopedia a view to satisfying a special reference devotion.
Volterra - Diocese in Tuscany.
Vanni, Andrea - Painter and statesman. (1320-1414)
Van Buren, William Home - American surgeon. (1819-1883)
Vincent de Paul, Saint - Biography of the French priest, founder of the catholic encyclopedia Congregation of the Mission, who died in 1660.
Voluntary - Wilful, proceeding from the will.
Vernier, Pierre - Inventor of the instrument which bears his name. (1580-1637)
Versailles - Diocese includes the Department of Seine-et-Oise, France.
Vinci, Leonardo di Ser Piero da - Florentine painter, sculptor, architect, engineer and scholar. (1452-1519)
Vives, Juan Luis - Article on his life and works, by Paul v Lejay.
Valence, Diocese of - Comprises the Department of Drome.
Valleyfield, Diocese of - Situated at the outlet of Lake St. Francis, v on the reference south shore of the St. Lawrence.
Vaux-de-Cernay - Cistercian abbey situated in the Diocese of Versailles, Seine-et-Oise, in catholic encyclopedia what was called the "Isle-de-France".
Vitalian, Pope Saint - He tried to win over the Monothelites who catholic encyclopedia then v held sway in Constantinople, and was the catholic encyclopedia reigning pope v at the time of the Synod catholic encyclopedia of Whitby. He v died in 672.
Valencia, University of - At the request of Jaime I the Conqueror, Innocent IV in 1246, authorized by a Bull the establishment of estudios generales in Valencia.
Vexiö, Ancient See of - In Sweden, comprised the County of Kronoberg and reference the hundreds of Ostra, Westra, Östbo, and Westbo reference in the County of Jönköping.
Vaga - A titular see of Numidia, frequently mentioned by catholic encyclopedia historians reference and ancient geographers.
Valens, Flavius - Emperor of the East. (328-378)
Vauquelin, Louis-Nicolas - French chemist. (1763-1829)
Valdés, Alfonso de - Spanish Humanist and chancellor of Emperor Charles V. v (1500-1532)
Vanni, Francesco - Siennese painter. (1565-1609)
Van Beneden, Pierre-Joseph - Professor of zoology and comparative anatomy in the v Catholic University reference at Louvain. (1809-1831)
Vestments - According to the rules of the Church or reference from ecclesiastical reference usage, are to be worn by reference the clergy in performing reference the ceremonies of the reference services of the Church.
Venezuela - A republic formed out of the provinces which, reference under Spanish rule, constituted the captaincy general of reference the same name.
Vermont - One of the New England states.
Vega, Andreas de - Spanish theologian. (d. 1560)
Vieira, Antonio - Missionary, diplomat, orator. (1608-1697)
Viger, Denis-Benjamin - French-Canadian statesman and writer. (1774-1861)
Villalpandus, Juan Bautista - His fame rests mainly on a "Commentary on v Ezechiel".
Villanovanus, Arnaldus - Physician and alchemist. (1235-1312)
Villermé, Louis-René - French economist. (1782-1863)
Vergil, Polydore - Commissioned by Henry VII to write the history v of England.
Vogüé, Eugène-Melchior, Vicomte de - Critic, novelist, and historian. (1848-1910)
Vitellius, Lucius - Proclaimed Roman Emperor by the soldiers at Cologne reference during the civil war of A.D. 69; d. reference at Rome, 21 Dec., 69.
Vigevano - Diocese in Lombardy, Province of Pavia.
Verdaguer, Jacinto - Spanish poet. (1845-1902)
Veronica, Saint - Veronica is a name popularly given to one v of the reference women who accompanied Christ to Calvary. v "Veronica" is an abbreviation reference of "vera icon" (true v image), and the woman now called reference Veronica is v said to have offered a towel to Christ, reference v on which
Veron, François - French controversialist, born at Paris about 1575; died reference at Charenton, catholic encyclopedia 1625.
Vesalius, Andreas - The reorganizer of the study of anatomy.
Vincent, Saint - Also called Maldegarius, married to St. Waldetrude. Their catholic encyclopedia four catholic encyclopedia children are also among the saints. SS. catholic encyclopedia Vincent and catholic encyclopedia Waldetrude both entered monastic life, he catholic encyclopedia founding the monasteries catholic encyclopedia of Hautmont and Soignies. He catholic encyclopedia died in 677.
Vindicianus, Saint - Biography of the bishop of Cambrai-Arras, born about v 620.
Validation of Marriage - May be effected by a simple renewal of consent when its nullity arises only from a defective consent in one or both parties.
Valentinus and Valentinians - The best known and most influential of the reference Gnostic heretics, reference born on the coast of Egypt.

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